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Influence of HS and NH on biogas dry reforming using Ni catalyst: a study on single and synergetic effect

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1632-1

摘要：

● NH₃ in biogas had a slight inhibitory effect on dry reforming.

关键词： Biogas Dry reforming Sulfur poisoning Ammonia Synergetic effect Hydrogen

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重大建设工程技术创新网络协同要素与协同机制分析

王孟钧,刘慧,张镇森,陆洋

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第12期页码 106-112

摘要：

通过文献研究、现场调研以及访谈等方式，认为工程需求、组织、资源、制度是重大建设工程技术创新网络的4个协同要素，构建由合作机制、利益机制、激励机制和评价机制组成的协同机制模型，并论证通过协同机制的有效运行，能够提升重大建设工程技术创新能力和效率。本研究为建设工程技术创新网络理论研究的组成部分，对建设工程技术创新实践活动以及制定行业技术创新政策具有一定的理论参考价值。

关键词：重大建设工程技术创新网络协同要素协同机制

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Synergetic Management Theory for Coal-Based Energy Engineering and the Engineering Practice of Shenhua

Wen Ling

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第1期页码 1-8 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016005

摘要： To deal with problems in synergetic development of coal-based energy engineering, this paper, guided by the philosophy of engineering, proposes the synergetic management philosophy of “factors coordination, systems synergy, dynamic optimization and three-dimension planning.” The paper also establishes the synergetic management system characterized by systems factor synergy, resource-environment synergy and systems boundary extension and supported by the “two-wheel driven” management innovation and technological innovation. In addition, the paper presents a multi-objective dynamic optimization model for energy engineering, designed based on Shenhua’s own engineering practice, to analyze Pareto optimal solution in three scenarios: best resource allocation, minimal environmental impact and maximal value creation. This provides important reference to synergetic development strategies and decision-making in engineering management.

关键词： coal-based energy engineering synergetic management two-wheel driven innovation Shenhua engineering

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Tuning of the active phase structure and hydrofining performance of alumina-supported tri-metallic WMoNi catalysts via phosphorus incorporation

Shufeng Shan, Haiyan Liu, Gang Shi, Xiaojun Bao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 59-69 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1686-3

摘要： The effects of phosphorus on the structure and hydrofining performance of tri-metallic WMoNi/Al O catalysts prepared with W/Mo-based hybrid precursor nanocrystals were investigated. The incorporation of phosphorus weakened the metal-support interactions (MSIs) and facilitated the formation of more synergetic NiWMoS phases with higher stacks. Catalytic tests using a fluid catalytic cracking diesel fuel showed that the changes in the MSIs and the morphology of the active phases had a more positive effect on the hydrodenitrogenation activity than on the hydrodesulfurization activity. In contrast, when phosphorus was incorporated into a tri-metallic WMoNiP/Al O catalyst prepared by a conventional incipient impregnation method, the MSIs decreased causing aggregation of the metal species which resulted in poorer hydrofining performance of the catalyst. These results show that incorporating phosphorus into a WMoNi/Al O catalyst can finely tune the structure of the active phase to enhance the hydrogenation and hydrodenitrogenation activity of the resulting tri-metallic catalyst.

关键词： fluid catalytic cracking diesel hydrofining performance WMoNiP/Al₂O₃ synergetic effect and structure of NiWMoS phases

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Kinetics of microwave-enhanced oxidation of phenol by hydrogen peroxide

Deming ZHAO, Jie CHENG, Michael R. HOFFMANN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 57-64 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0251-9

摘要： Aqueous solutions of phenol were oxidized by hydrogen peroxide assisted by microwave (MW) irradiation. A simple kinetic model for the overall degradation of phenol in the presence of excess H O is proposed in which the degradation rate of phenol is expressed as a linear function of the concentrations of phenol and H O . A detailed parametric study showed that the degradation rate of phenol increased with increasing [H O ] until saturation was observed. Phenol degradation followed apparent zero-order kinetics under MW radiation or H O oxidation. However, after 90 min of irradiation, the observed kinetics shifted to pseudo first order. The overall reaction rates were significantly enhanced in the combined MW/H O system, mainly because microwave could accelerate H O to generate hydroxyl radical ( OH) and other reactive oxygen intermediates. The observed synergetic effects of the MW/H O process resulted in an increased in the net reaction rate by a factor of 5.75. When hydrogen peroxide is present in a large stoichiometric excess, the time required to achieve complete mineralization is reduced significantly.

关键词： microwave (MW) irradiation hydrogen peroxide phenol synergetic effects kinetic model

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藏北高原草地生态治理与畜牧业协同发展模式研究

干珠扎布,胡国铮,高清竹,江村旺扎,旦久罗布,参木友,巴桑旺堆,杨富裕,魏学红,杨永平

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第5期页码 93-98 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.013

摘要：

藏北高原是我国重要的生态安全屏障和高原特色畜牧业基地，而高寒草地退化严重制约着其生态和生产功能，给生态保护和畜牧业发展带来了挑战。本文在深入分析藏北高原生态治理与畜牧业发展状况的基础上，探讨了藏北高寒草地生态与生产功能的主要影响因素，提出了藏北高原草地生态治理与畜牧业协同发展的模式体系。研究表明，通过草地生态恢复、优化放牧管理方式、人工牧草种植、低海拔农区种草高海拔牧区养畜的“低草高牧”模式、冬季半舍饲养殖等一系列措施，能够推进高寒草地生态功能提升、促进草地畜牧业转型升级，实现“保护中发展”与“发展中保护”。相关研究将为治边稳藏、保障国家生态安全、增加牧民收入提供战略引导和科技支撑。

关键词：藏北高原生态修复草地畜牧业协同发展

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李浩然：基于同伴效应与网络效应的“气代煤〞改造决策研究（2020年7月11日）

2022年05月19日

关键词：能源

Analysis of effect of different construction methods of piles on the end effect on skin friction of piles

ZHOU Hongbo, CHEN Zhuchang

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 458-463 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0062-7

摘要： Based on the comparative analysis of end effect on skin friction of displacement-pile (driven pile), the end effect on skin friction of bored pile is studied. The end effect on skin friction between driven pile and bored pile is different and the end effect on skin friction of bored pile is reduce of skin friction in the soil layer adjacent to the pile end. The degradation degree of skin friction is deduced with the increase of the distance from pile end. The concept of additional mud cake formed by the effect of cushion at the bottom of borehole during pouring concrete is introduced to explain the mechanism of end effect on skin friction of the bored pile. The test results of post-grouting piles indicate that the post-grouting technique is an effective way to improve the end effect on skin friction of bored pile.

关键词： distance different concept additional bottom

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A review on different theoretical models of electrocaloric effect for refrigeration

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 478-503 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0884-6

摘要： The performance parameters for characterizing the electrocaloric effect are isothermal entropy change and the adiabatic temperature change, respectively. This paper reviews the electrocaloric effect of ferroelectric materials based on different theoretical models. First, it provides four different calculation scales (the first-principle-based effective Hamiltonian, the Landau-Devonshire thermodynamic theory, phase-field simulation, and finite element analysis) to explain the basic theory of calculating the electrocaloric effect. Then, it comprehensively reviews the recent progress of these methods in regulating the electrocaloric effect and the generation mechanism of the electrocaloric effect. Finally, it summarizes and anticipates the exploration of more novel electrocaloric materials based on the framework constructed by the different computational methods.

关键词： electrocaloric effect effective Hamiltonian phase-field modeling different theoretical models

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A new miniaturized engine based on thermomagnetic effect of magnetic fluids

Lujun ZHOU, Yimin XUAN, Qiang LI, Wenlei LIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 160-166 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0018-9

摘要： A new engine system, essentially consisting of a permanent NdFeB magnet, a kerosene-based magnetic fluid and a rotor, is proposed based on the thermomagnetic effect of a temperature-sensitive magnetic fluid. The rotor was driven by the thermal convection of the magnetic fluid in the presence of a homogeneous external magnetic field. A digital camera was used to record the rotation speed of the rotor to investigate the performance of the engine system under varying conditions such as heat load, heat sink temperature, and magnetic field distribution. The peak angle velocity obtained for the rotor was about 2.1 rad/min. The results illustrate that the rotation speed of the rotor increases as the input heat load increases, or as the heat sink temperature decreases. The performance of the motor is considerably influenced by the magnetic field imposed. Therefore, the performance of such an engine can be controlled conveniently by changing the external magnetic field and/or the temperature distribution in the fluid.

关键词： magnetic fluid thermomagnetic effect engine

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The cooperation effect of Ni and Pt in the hydrogenation of acetic acid

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 397-407 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2076-4

摘要： The catalytic hydrogenation of carboxylic acid to alcohols is one of the important strategies for the conversion of biomass. Herein, a series of Ni-doped PtSn catalysts were prepared, characterized and studied in the hydrogenation of acetic acid. The Ni dopant has a strong interaction with Pt, which promotes the hydrogen adsorption, providing an activated hydrogen-rich environment for the hydrogenation. Meanwhile, the presence of Ni also improves the Pt dispersion, giving more accessible active sites for hydrogen activation. The cooperation of Pt and Ni significantly promotes the catalytic activity of the hydrogenation of acetic acid to ethanol. As a result, the catalyst with 0.1% Ni exhibits the best reaction activity, and its space time yield is twice as that of the PtSn/SiO₂ catalyst. It provides a meaningful instruction on the catalyst design for the carboxylic acid hydrogenation.

关键词： acetic acid ethanol hydrogenation Pt Ni cooperation effect

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Direct energy rebound effect for road transportation in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 597-611 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0276-y

摘要： The enhancement of energy efficiency stands as the principal avenue for attaining energy conservation and emissions reduction objectives within the realm of road transportation. Nevertheless, it is imperative to acknowledge that these objectives may, in part or in entirety, be offset by the phenomenon known as the energy rebound effect (ERE). To quantify the long-term EREs and short-term EREs specific to China’s road transportation, this study employed panel cointegration and panel error correction models, accounting for asymmetric price effects. The findings reveal the following: The long-term EREs observed in road passenger transportation and road freight transportation range from 13% to 25% and 14% to 48%, respectively; in contrast, the short-term EREs in road passenger transportation and road freight transportation span from 36% to 41% and 3.9% to 32%, respectively. It is noteworthy that the EREs associated with road passenger transportation and road freight transportation represent a partial rebound effect, falling short of reaching the magnitude of a counterproductive backfire effect. This leads to the inference that the upsurge in energy consumption within the road transportation sector cannot be solely attributed to advancements in energy efficiency. Instead, various factors, including income levels, the scale of commodity trade, and industrial structure, exert more substantial facilitating influences. Furthermore, the escalation of fuel prices fails to dampen the demand for energy services, whether in the domain of road passenger transportation or road freight transportation. In light of these conclusions, recommendations are proffered for the formulation of energy efficiency policies pertinent to road transportation.

关键词： road transportation direct energy rebound effect asymmetric price effects panel data model

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Photoaging mechanism of microplastics: a perspective on the effect of dissolved organic matter in natural

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1743-8

摘要：

● Microplastics (MPs) undergo photoaging in natural water under light irradiation.

关键词： Microplastics Photoaging Dissolved organic matter ROS generation

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Modeling analysis on solar steam generator employed in multi-effect distillation (MED) system

Zhaorui ZHAO, Bao YANG, Ziwen XING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第1期页码 193-203 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0608-0

摘要： Recently the porous bilayer wood solar collectors have drawn increasing attention because of their potential application in solar desalination. In this paper, a thermodynamic model has been developed to analyze the performance of the wood solar collector. A modeling analysis has also been conducted to assess the performance and operating conditions of the multiple effect desalination (MED) system integrated with the porous wood solar collector. Specifically, the effects of operating parameters, such as the motive steam temperature, seawater flow rate, input solar energy and number of effects on the energy consumption for each ton of distilled water produced have been investigated in the MED desalination system combined with the bilayer wood solar steam generator. It is found that, under a given operating condition, there exists an optimum steam generation temperature of around 145°C in the wood solar collector, so that the specific power consumption in the MED system reaches a minimum value of 24.88 kWh/t. The average temperature difference is significantly affected by the solar heating capacity. With the solar capacity increasing from 50 kW to 230 kW, the average temperature difference increases from 1.88°C to 6.27°C. This parametric simulation study will help the design of efficient bilayer wood solar steam generator as well as the MED desalination system.

关键词： solar energy steam generating multi-effect desalination

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十二系列叔胺捕收剂对高岭石的浮选研究

曹学锋,刘长淼,胡岳华

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 93-97

摘要：

研究4种十二取代叔胺（DRN，DEN，DPN和DBN）对高岭石的浮选行为。发现4种叔胺对高岭石的浮选捕收能力都较好，其中DEN最好，浮选回收率最高可达92 %以上。4种叔胺主要依靠静电引力吸附在高岭石表面，在酸性pH范围内，浮选高岭石的回收率较高，随着pH的增大，叔胺的阳离子组分减少，使得浮选回收率下降。Zeta电位研究表明，高岭石在整个pH范围内，表面主要带负电，4种叔胺与高岭石作用后，能显著增加高岭石的Zeta电位。红外光谱研究表面，4种叔胺主要与高岭石表面发生了电性作用的物理吸附。叔胺中N原子上的取代基的给电子效应和空间位阻效应是造成 4 种叔胺浮选能力差异的主要原因。

关键词：叔胺高岭石浮选静电作用电子效应空间效应